The patient will not be bearing weight on the affected leg and the leg may actually seem shorter than the other three. The femur almost always luxates the same way: up and forward.Ī radiograph is necessary to confirm the luxation but it will be clear simply from looking at the patient (assuming he or she is walking) that a major orthopedic problem exists. In order for the hip to luxate/dislocate, trauma must be severe enough to break the capital ligament and tear the joint capsule. The more medical term is “hip luxation” and you will probably hear your veterinarian use this term. Hip dislocation is the common term for the separation of the femoral head from the pelvic acetabulum. Also keeping the bones in their proper location are the muscles of the hip, the upper rim of the acetabulum which acts as a protective ledge, and the fact that the whole joint is enclosed in fibrous capsule. The femoral head is held in place by a thick ligament called the “capital” ligament or simply the “round ligament of the femoral head” which spans across the center of the joint. The normal hip joint can be described as a "ball and socket." The thigh bone, called the "femur" possesses a head that constitutes the "ball" part of the hip joint while the socket is a special area of the pelvic bone called the "acetabulum." In other words, the femoral head and acetabulum form the ball and socket of the hip joint. In order to understand how hips dislocate and how they can be put back in place, some knowledge of the anatomy is needed.
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